So far this programme has been dealing with cement grout - a mixture of cement, water and maybe an additive. But there are other types of grout, each having its own particular purpose.
Some cement grouts use MICROFINE CEMENTS to facilitate penetration. These cements are much finer than normal cements and this means they can flow into finer cracks, and can sometimes penetrate adequately in alluvials.
CHEMICAL GROUTS use formulations which react after a set time to form a gel, usually. Because the ingredients are fluids they do not have particles (such as cement) to restrict flow through fine voids.
CLAY GROUTS are suspensions of finely ground clay in water. Bentonite is the usual clay, but attapulgite or suitable local clays have been used.
In ROCK GROUTING cement grouts are nearly always the best choice. Chemical and clay grouts have a role when grouting gravel and sand.
The tabulation below compares the suitability of various grouts in different foundation materials. This figure is only for the purpose of giving an idea of the uses for the various grouts. It is deliberately vague because anything more precise would be misleading.
Grout types and their relative uses are discussed in detail in the books
Both books are published by John Wiley and Sons.
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